Melanchton, as well as Honterus, advanced the reformation of faith: the former as a close combatant aside Martin Luther in Wittenberg, the latter as reformer of the Transylvanian Saxons. As humanists, they were assigned to reform and further the educational system in their respective homelands leaving an enduring mark on it. Their lives chronicle many similarities: they both had a solid humanist university education: Melanchton in Heidelberg and Tübingen, Honterus in Vienna. In this unique European context, two humanists, educators and founding personalities of the Protestant Reformation emerged: Philipp Melanchton in Wittemberg, Germany, and Johannes Honterus in Kronstadt, Transylvania. Placed under the latter’s suzerainty, the principality developed as a melting pot of ethnic, cultural and religious diversity leading to what the contemporary historians call the Transylvanian system of tolerance. At the beginning of the 16th century, Transylvania experienced tumultuous times caused by an ongoing conflict between the Hungarian and the Habsburg Kings over the province and the looming and ever present Ottoman danger.
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